ᕿᓚᓗᒐᐃᑦ ᑕᐃᔭᐅᔪᑦ ᐅᖓᕙᐅᑉ ᕿᓚᓗᒐᖏ ᐱᓪᓚᕆᐅᕚ?
“ᑕᒪᒃᑯᐊ ᓂᕿᖃᕐᓂᕐᒨᖓᖕᒪᑕ, ᑭᓯᐊᓂᑦᑕᐅᖅ ᐃᓕᓐᓂᐊᕐᓂᒨᖓᓪᓗᓂ ᐊᒻᒪ ᐃᓕᖁᓯᖅᑎᒎᖓᓪᓗᓂ”
ᐅᖓᕙᐅᑉ ᑲᖏᖅᖢᐊᓂᒃ ᕿᓚᓗᒐᐃᑦ ᐅᖃᐅᓯᐅᓚᐅᕐᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᕿᓚᓗᒐᐃᑦ ᒥᒃᓵᓄᑦ ᖃᐅᔨᓇᓱᒃᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᕿᓚᓗᒐᐃᑦ ᐊᐅᓚᑕᐅᓂᒃᓴᖏᓐᓂᒃ ᐅᑯᓄᖓ ᓄᓇᕕᒥᒃ ᐃᒪᐅᑉ ᖃᓂᒋᔮᓃᑦᑐᓄᒃ ᔭᓄᐊᕆ 21-ᒥᑦ ᔭᓄᐊᕆ 23-ᒧᑦ. (ᐊᔾᔨᙳᐊᖅ ᐅᕙᙵᑦ Encyclopedia Britannica, 1911, ᑭᒃᑯᑐᐃᓐᓇᕐᓄᑦ ᕿᒥᕐᕈᐊᕐᕕᖕᒥᑦ)
For an English version of this story, see Do Ungava Bay beluga exist?
ᐱᒻᒪᕆᐅᓛᖑᓚᐅᕐᑐᖅ ᖃᖓᑦᑎᐊᓵᖅ ᑲᑎᒪᓂᖃᖅᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᕿᓚᓗᒐᕐᓂᒃ ᐊᐅᓚᑦᑎᓂᕐᒥᓐ ᓄᓇᕕᒻᒥ ᐅᑯᐊ ᐅᖓᕙᒥ ᕿᓚᓗᒐᐃᑦ ᐱᑕᖃᓪᓚᕆᒋᐊᒃᓴᖏᓐᓂᒃ.
ᑕᐃᒪᐃᔾᔪᑎᖃᓗᐊᕐᑐᕐᓕ ᕿᓚᓗᒐᕋᓱᖕᓂᖅ ᐅᖓᕙᒥ ᒪᑐᔭᐅᓂᐊᕐᓂᖓ ᐃᒪᕐᒥᐅᑕᓕᕆᔨᒃᑯᓐᓂᑦ. ᑭᓯᐊᓂᓕ ᐅᖓᕙᒥ ᐊᖑᓇᓱᒃᑎᐅᔪᑦ ᐅᖃᖅᑐᑦ ᑕᒪᓐᓇ ᑐᑭᖃᓗᐊᙱᓐᓂᖓᓂᒃ.
“ᐅᖃᕋᔅᓯ ᓴᐳᔾᔨᓯᒪᓇᓱᖕᓂᕋᖅᖢᓯ ᐅᖓᕙ ᕿᓚᓗᒐᖏᓐᓂᒃ, ᑭᓯᐊᓂᓕ ᐅᖃᕈᓐᓇᙱᖢᓯ ᐅᑯᐊ ᐅᖓᕙᐅᑉ ᕿᓚᓗᒐᖏᑦ ᐱᑕᖃᓪᓚᕆᒋᐊᒃᓴᖏᓐᓂᒃ,” ᐅᖃᖅᑐᖅ ᐱᓕ ᑖᓐ ᒪᐃ, ᑕᓯᐅᔭᖅᒥᑦ ᐊᖓᔪᖅᑳᖅ ᐅᑯᓄᖓ ᓄᓇᓕᖕᓂᒃ ᓄᓇᕕᒻᒥ ᐆᒪᔪᓕᕆᔩᑦ ᑲᑐᔾᔨᖃᑎᒌᓂᖓᓄᑦ ᐃᒪᓐᓇᓘᓐᓃᑦ LNUK.
“ᐅᖃᐅᑎᒐᕕᖓ ᑐᓂᔪᓐᓇᙱᓐᓂᕋᖅᖢᖓ ᑎᑎᕋᐅᓯᐅᕙᓪᓕᐊᔪᓂᒃ ᐱᓯᒪᙱᓐᓂᕐᓄᑦ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᖅᑕᐅᓯᒪᒍᑎᓂᒃ, ᑭᓯᐊᓂᓕ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᖅᑕᐅᔪᒃᓴᓂᒃ ᐱᔪᓐᓇᙱᓐᓇᑦᑕ ᐱᔪᓐᓇᖅᑕᑦᑎᓐᓂᒃ ᑲᑎᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᐱᔪᓐᓇᖅᑎᑕᐅᑎᓪᓗᑕ.”
ᔭᓄᐊᕆ 21-ᒥᑦ 23-ᒧᑦ, ᐊᖑᓇᓱᒃᑎᐅᔪᑦ ᐊᒻᒪ ᓄᓇᓕᖕᓄᑦ ᑭᒡᒐᖅᑐᐃᔨᐅᔪᑦ ᓄᓇᕕᒻᒥᐅᓂᒃ ᐅᐸᒍᑎᓚᐅᕐᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᓄᓇᕕᒃᒥᑦ ᐃᒪᕐᒥᐅᑕᓕᕆᔨᒃᑯᑦ ᐆᒪᔪᓕᕆᔨᕐᔪᐊᑦ ᑲᑎᒪᔨᖏᑦ ᓴᖅᑭᑎᑦᑎᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᓯᕗᓂᒃᓴᒥᑦ ᐊᐅᓚᑦᑎᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᐸᕐᓇᐅᑎᒃᓴᓂᒃ ᓄᓇᕕᒻᒥᑦ ᕿᓚᓗᒐᕐᓄᑦ.
ᒫᓐᓇᓕ ᐃᒪᐃᓕᖓᖕᒪᑕ ᓴᐳᔾᔨᓯᒪᓇᓱᒃᖢᑎᒃ ᑕᓯᐅᔭᕐᔪᐊᑉ ᑲᓇᖕᓇᖓᓃᑦᑐᓂᒃ ᕿᓚᓗᒐᕐᓂᒃ ᐃᒪᓐᓇ, ᕿᓚᓗᒐᖅᑕᐅᔪᓐᓇᖅᑐᓂᒃ ᐋᖅᑭᒃᓯᓯᒪᓂᒃᑯᑦ—ᐅᕝᕙᓘᓐᓃᑦ ᑲᑎᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᐱᔭᐅᔪᓐᓇᖅᑐᑎᒍᑦ—ᐋᖅᑭᒃᑕᐅᓯᒪᓇᓱᒃᖢᑎᒃ ᖃᔅᓯᓂᒃ ᕿᓚᓗᒐᕈᓐᓇᕐᓂᖏᓐᓂᒃ ᑖᒃᑯᓂᖓ. ᑭᓯᐊᓂᓕ ᐊᓯᖏᑦ ᒪᑐᔭᐅᓯᒪᓕᕐᑐᑦ ᕿᓚᓗᒐᕋᓱᒡᕕᐅᕙᒃᑐᑦ, ᑕᒪᒃᑭᕐᓯᒪᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᐱᔾᔪᑎᒋᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᑕᓯᐅᔭᕐᔪᐊᑉ ᑲᓇᖕᓇᖓᓂᒃ ᕿᓚᓗᒐᕐᓂᒃ.
ᐅᓇ Mucalic Estuary (ᑰᖕᒧ ᐃᓱᖃᕐᕕᒃ ᑕᕆᐅᒧᑦ), ᒪᑐᓯᒪᔪᖅ ᐃᒪᕐᒥᐅᑕᓕᕆᔨᒃᑯᑦ ᐅᖃᕐᓯᒪᓂᖏᓐᓂᒃ ᐅᓄᙱᑦᑑᒐᓗᐊᓄᑦ ᐅᖓᕙᐅᑉ ᕿᓚᓗᒐᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᑐᙵᕕᓪᓗᐊᑕᐅᓂᖓᓄᑦ.
ᐅᖓᕙᒥᑦ ᕿᓚᓗᒐᐃᑦ ᓇᐃᓴᖅᑕᐅᓚᐅᕐᓯᒪᙱᑦᑐᑦ ᖃᖓᑕᓲᒃᑯᑦ, ᑭᓯᐊᓂᓕ ᐊᖑᓇᓱᒃᑎᐅᔪᑦ ᐅᖃᕐᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᕿᓚᓗᒐᐃᑦ ᓱᓕ ᒧᑲᓕᒃ ᒥᒃᓵᓅᖃᑦᑕᕐᓂᖏᓐᓂᒃ ᐊᐅᔭᒃᑯᑦ, “ᐃᒪᐃᓕᖓᓪᓗᓂ ᑖᒃᑯᐊ ᕿᓚᓗᒐᐃᑦ ᑕᒫᓃᖃᑦᑕᕐᓂᖏᓐᓂᒃ ᐅᓄᕈᓐᓃᕐᓯᒪᒐᓗᐊᖅᖢᑎᒃ,” ᑕᕆᐅᕐᒥᐅᑕᓕᕆᔨᒃᑯᑦ ᑎᑎᕋᕐᓯᒪᔪ ᑲᑎᒪᓂᕐᒧ ᑐᓐᓂᖁᑎᖏᓐᓂᒃ.
“ᐅᓄᙱᑦᑐᑯᓘᔪᒃᓴᐅᔪᑦ, ᑕᑯᓚᐅᙱᓐᓇᑦᑕ ᕿᓚᓗᒐᕐᓂᒃ ᖃᖓᑕᑎᓪᓗᑕ ᑕᒪᐅᓇ,” ᐅᖃᖅᑐᖅ ᒪᐃᒃ ᕼᐋᒧᓪ, ᑕᕆᐅᕐᒥᐅᑕᓕᕆᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᐊᖓᔪᖅᑳᕆᔭᐅᔪᖅ ᓗᕋᓐᓯᐊᓐ ᒥᒃᓵᓄᑦ (Laurentian region) ᐅᑯᓄᖓ ᑕᕆᐅᕐᒥᐅᑕᓕᕆᔨᒃᑯᓐᓄᑦ ᔭᓄᐊᕆ 21-ᒥᑦ.
ᐃᓱᒪᒋᔭᐅᓯᒪᔪᖅ 100 ᑐᖔᓃᓐᓇᓱᒋᔭᐅᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᑖᒃᑯᐊ ᕿᓚᓗᒐᐃ ᑕᒫᓃᑦᑐᑦ, ᐅᖃᖅᑐᖅ. ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᖃᓄᐃᓕᐅᕈᑎᐅᕙᓪᓕᐊᓂᑯᓂᒃ ᕿᒥᕐᕈᐊᖅᖢᓂ, ᑖᒃᑯᐊᓘᓐᓃᑦ ᐱᔭᐅᓇᕙᙱᒃᑲᓗᐊᖅᖢᑎᒃ, ᕼᐋᒧᓪ ᐅᖃᓚᐅᕐᑐᖅ 300-ᖏᓐᓃᓐᓇᓱᒋᓪᓗᓂᒋᑦ ᐅᓄᓛᖏᑦᑎᒍᑦ.
ᖃᐅᔨᓴᕈᑎᒃᓴᓂᒃ ᓄᐊᑦᑎᕙᓪᓕᐊᓕᓚᐅᕐᑐᑦ 2019 ᐊᐅᔭᖓᓂᒃ ᖃᐅᔨᓇᓱᒃᖢᑎᒃ ᖃᓄᐃᑦᑑᓂᖏᓐᓂᒃ ᑖᒃᑯᐊ ᕿᓚᓗᒐᐃᑦ, ᑭᓯᐊᓂᓕ ᐊᑯᓂᕈᓗᒃ ᐱᓕᕆᐊᖑᓇᔭᖅᑐᖅ ᓈᒻᒪᒃᑐᓂᒃ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᖅᑕᐅᔪᒃᓴᒃ ᐱᓇᓱᖕᓂᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᓇᓗᓇᐃᕐᓯᒐᓱᒡᓗᑎᒃ.
“ᐅᑯᐊ ᓇᓗᓇᐃᔭᖅᑕᐅᕙᓪᓕᐊᔪᑦ ᐱᕕᖃᕈᑎᒋᔪᓐᓇᕋᑦᑎᒍᑦ ᐱᑕᖃᕆᐊᒃᓴᖓᓂᒃ ᐋᒃᑲᓘᓐᓃᑦ ᕿᓚᓗᒐᕐᓂᒃ ᐅᖓᕙᒥᐅᑕᓂᒃ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐃᑲᔪᕈᑎᐅᓂᐊᖅᓗᓂ ᐊᐅᓚᑦᑎᓂᒃᑯᑦ ᖃᓄᐃᓕᐅᕈᑎᒃᓴᓄᑦ, ᐅᖃᕐᓯᒪᔪᖅ ᑕᕆᐅᕐᒥᐅᑕᓕᕆᔨᒃᑯᑦ ᑎᑎᕋᕐᓯᒪᔭᖏᑦ.
ᑕᐃᒪᐃᓕᐅᕐᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ, ᐃᓱᒪᓕᐅᕆᓚᐅᕐᑐᑦ ᐅᓇ ᒧᑲᓕᒃ ᒥᒃᓯᖓ ᒪᑐᔭᐅᓯᒪᓂᐊᕐᓗᓂ ᐊᖑᓇᓱᖕᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᐊᐅᓚᑦᑎᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᐸᕐᓇᐅᑎᓕᐊᕆᓂᐊᖅᑕᖏᑦᑎᒍᑦ ᑭᖑᓪᓕᕐᒥᑦ.
ᑭᓯᐊᓂᓕ ᐊᖑᓇᓱᒃᑎᐅᔪᑦ ᐊᒻᒪ ᓄᓇᓕᖕᓂ ᑭᒡᒐᖅᑐᐃᔨᐅᔪᑦ ᑕᐃᒪᓐᓇ ᐃᓱᒪᓯᒪᙱᒻᒪᑕ.
“ᐅᖓᕙ ᕿᓚᓗᒐᖅᑕᖃᙱᒻᒪᑦ,” ᐅᖃᖅᑐᖅ ᔭᐃᒻᔅ ᒪᐃ, ᐊᖓᔪᖅᑳᖅ ᐊᕕᒃᑐᕐᓯᒪᓂᒃᑯᑦ ᓄᓇᕕᒻᒥ ᐆᒪᔪᓕᕆᔩᑦ ᑲᑐᔨᖃᑎᒌᓂᖓᓄᑦ.
ᕿᓚᓗᒐᐃᑦ ᐅᖓᕙᒦᑦᑐᑦ ᑕᓯᐅᔭᕐᔪᐊᑉ ᕿᓚᓗᒐᕆᖕᒪᒋᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᑕᒪᐅᙵᖃᑦᑕᕐᓂᖏᑦ ᒪᓕᖃᑦᑕᖅᖢᑎᒃ ᓯᑰᑉ ᖃᓄᐃᓂᖓᓂᒃ ᐃᑭᕋᓴᔾᔪᐊᕐᒥᑦ (Hudson Strait).
“ᖁᐊᖅᑕᒃᑰᓕᕌᖓᑦ ᐊᓯᐊᓄᙵᐅᕙᓪᓕᐊᓪᓗᑎ, ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᓯᑯᒧᑦ ᐊᔪᕐᓯᒍᑎᒃ ᐅᑎᖃᑦᑕᕐᒪᑕ ᐅᖓᕙᒧᑦ ᓲᖃᐃᒻᒪ ᐊᓯᐊᒎᕐᕕᒃᑕᖃᕈᓐᓃᕐᒪᑕ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐅᓄᕐᑐᐊᓘᓕᖅᐸᒃᖢᑎᒃ ᑲᖏᕐᖢᒥ,” ᒪᐃ ᐅᖃᖅᑐᖅ.
ᐊᕐᕌᒍᒥ ᐅᖓᓪᓕᐅᓚᐅᕐᑐᒥᑦ, ᐅᓄᕐᑐᐊᓗᖕᓂ ᕿᓚᓗᒐᓚᐅᕐᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᐊᔪᕐᓯᐅᖅᑲᓯᒪᔪᓂᒃ ᐃᑭᕋᓴᒃᔪᐊᒃᑰᕆᐊᒃᓴᖅ, ᑭᓯᐊᓂᓕ ᐊᐅᔭᐅᓚᐅᕐᑐᖅ ᓯᑯᑕᖃᑦᑎᐊᓚᐅᙱᒻᒪ ᐊᒻᒪ ᐅᓄᙱᑦᑐᕈᓗᖕᓂ ᕿᓚᓗᒐᖅᑕᖃᖅᖢᓂ ᐅᖓᕙᒥ. “ᖃᐅᔨᒪᔭᒃᑯᓪᓕ ᐊᒻᒪ ᐅᒃᐱᕆᔭᒃᑯᑦ, ᐅᖓᕙ ᕿᓚᓗᒐᖅᑕᖃᙱᒻᒪᑦ,” ᒪᐃ ᐅᖃᖅᑐᖅ.
ᑕᒪᓐᓇ ᐱᒻᒪᕆᐊᓘᒋᔭᐅᔪᖅ ᓲᖃᐃᒻᒪ ᒧᑲᓕᒃ ᐊᖑᓇᓱᒡᕕᖏᓐᓇᐅᔭᕐᒪᑦ ᑲᖏᖅᓱᐊᓗᔪᐊᖅᒥᐅᓄᑦ, ᑕᓯᐅᔭᖅᒥᐅᓄᑦ ᐊᒻᒪ ᑰᔾᔪᐊᖅᒥᐅᓄᑦ. ᑕᒪᓐᓇ ᒪᑐᔭᐅᓯᒪᓂᖓᓄᑦ, ᐅᖓᓯᖕᓂᕐᓴᒧᑦ ᐊᖑᓇᓱᒋᐊᖃᑦᑕᕆᐊᖃᖅᑐᑦ ᑖᒃᑯᓇᓂ ᓄᓇᖃᖅᑐᓂᒃ.
ᑲᖏᖅᓱᐊᓗᔾᔪᐊᖅᒧᓪᓕ, ᐅᕙᓂ ᓂᒋᖅᐸᓯᐊᑕ ᑲᓇᖕᓇᖅᐸᓯᐊᓂ ᐅᖓᕙᐅᑉ, ᒪᑐᔭᐅᓯᒪᓂᕆᔭᐅᔪᖅ ᐊᖑᓇᓱᒐᓱᒡᓗᓂ ᐅᖓᓯᒃᑐᓕᐊᕆᐊᖃᕐᓇᕐᑐᖅ ᐊᒻᒪ ᐊᑭᑐᓪᓗᓂ.
“ᐊᖑᓇᓱᒃᑎᐅᔪᑦ ᖁᐊᖅᑕᕐᒧᙵᐅᔪᑦ ᐊᒻᒪ ᑲᖏᖅᓱᔾᔪᐊᕐᒧᑦ, ᑮᓇᐅᔭᑲᓪᓚᖕᓂ ᐊᑐᕆᐊᖃᕐᒪᑕ,” ᐅᖃᖅᑐᖅ ᑖᒥ ᐃᑐᒃ, ᐊᖓᔪᖅᑳᕆᔭᐅᔪᖅ ᑲᖏᖅᓱᔾᔪᐊᖅᒥᖅᒥᑦ ᓄᓇᕕᒻᒥ ᐆᒪᔪᓕᕆᔩᑦ ᑲᑐᔾᔨᖃᑎᒌᓂᖓᓄᑦ. “ᐅᓪᓗᒥ, ᐊᑕᐅᓯᕐᒥ ᕿᓚᓗᒐᕐᓂᐊᕐᓗᓂ ᐊᑭᖃᕋᔭᖅᑐᖅ $17,000-ᓂᒃ.”
ᐅᓇ ᐊᔪᕐᓇᕐᓯᑎᓯᒪᑐᐃᓐᓇᐅᙱᑦᑐᖅ ᓂᕿᒋᕙᒃᑕᒥᑦ ᐱᔪᓐᓇᐃᓪᓕᓂᕐᒥᒃ, ᑭᓯᐊᓂᓕ ᐃᓅᓱᒃᑐᓂ ᐊᖑᓇᓱᖕᓂᕐᒥ ᐊᔪᕈᓐᓃᕐᓴᖅᑎᑦᑎᓂᕐᒥ.
ᔭᐃᒻᔅ ᒪᐃ ᐅᖃᓚᐅᕐᑐᖅ ᑕᕆᐅᕐᒥᐅᑕᓕᕆᔨᒃᑯᑦ ᐱᖁᔭᓂ ᐃᓄᖕᓄᑦ ᐋᖅᑭᒃᓱᐃᖃᑦᑕᕐᓯᒪᓂᖏᓐᓂᒃ ᖃᐅᔨᓯᒫᓂᙱᒃᑲᓗᐊᖅᖢᑎᒃ ᑖᒃᑯᓂᖓ ᕿᓚᓗᒐᕐᓂ. ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᑕᒪᓐᓇ ᐊᒃᑐᐃᓂᖃᕐᔪᐊᖅᖢᓂ.
“ᐅᓇ ᐃᓱᒪᒋᔭᐅᓪᓕᕆᒋᐊᖃᖅᑐᖅ ᐃᓕᖅᑯᓯᕆᔭᐅᔪᖅ ᐊᓯᐅᓚᐅᕐᑎᓐᓇᒍ,” ᐅᖃᖅᑐᖅ ᒪᐃ. “ᐄᓛᒃ ᓂᕿᖃᕐᓂᕐᒨᖓᔪᖅ, ᑭᓯᐊᓂᑦᑕᐅᖅ ᐃᓕᓐᓂᐊᕐᓂᒨᖓᓪᓗᓂ ᐊᒻᒪ ᐃᓕᖁᓯᖅᑎᒎᖓᓪᓗᓂ.”
ᕼᐊᒧᓪ ᐅᖃᓚᐅᕐᑐᖅ ᐸᕐᓇᒃᓯᒪᓂᖏᓐᓂᒃ ᓇᐃᓴᐃᒃᑲᓐᓂᕈᒪᓂᕐᒥ ᐅᖓᕙᒥ ᕿᓚᓗᒐᕐᓂ ᐃᓚᒋᔭᐅᓗᓂ 2020-ᒥᑦ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᕐᓂᕐᒧᑦ. “ᐊᐅᔭᐅᔪᖅ ᐅᖓᕙᒧᑦ ᖃᖓᑕᓇᓱᖕᓂᐊᕐᑐᒍᑦ, ᑭᓯᐊᓂᓕ ᑲᒪᒋᔭᖃᕐᓂᕐᓴᐅᓂᐊᖅᖢᑕ ᑕᓯᐅᔭᕐᔪᐊᑉ ᑲᓇᖕᓇᖅᐸᓯᐊᓂᒃ ᐊᒻᒪ ᔭᐃᒻᔅ ᐸᐃᒥ,” ᐅᖃᖅᑐᖅ ᕼᐊᒧᓪ
ᑕᒪᓐᓇ ᓯᕗᓪᓕᐅᑎᑕᐅᓯᒪᔭᕆᐊᖃᕐᒪᑦ, ᐱᓕ ᑖᓐ ᒪᐃ ᐅᖃᖅᑐᖅ.
‘ᑕᕆᐅᕐᒥᐅᑕᓕᕆᔨᒃᑯᑦ ᖃᐅᔨᒫᓂᙱᒻᒪᑕ ᐅᖓᕙ ᕿᓚᓗᒐᖅᑕᖃᕆᐊᒃᓴᖓᓂᒃ ᓲᖃᐃᒻᒪ ᐅᓄᒻᒪᕆᒃᑐᓂᒃ ᕿᓚᓗᒐᖃᑦᑕᕐᓯᒪᖕᒪᑕ,” ᐅᖃᖅᑐᖅ. ᐅᖃᐅᓯᖃᕆᓪᓗᓂ ᐅᓂᒃᑳᓂᒃ ᐃᒻᒪᑲᓪᒪᒃ ᐊᕐᓇᒐᓱᖕᓂᐅᕙᓚᐅᕐᓯᒪᔪᓂ 1800-ᖏᑦ ᐃᓱᓕᓕᖅᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᐊᒻᒪ 1900-ᖏᑦ ᐱᒋᐊᓕᖅᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ.
ᐅᖃᐅᓯᖃᓚᐅᕐᒥᔪᖅ ᕿᓚᓗᒐᐃᑦ ᓯᒡᔭᒧᐊᖅᑕᐅᒍᑎ ᐊᒻᒪ ᐆᒪᓗᑎᒃ, ᑲᒻᐸᓂᓄᑦ ᐱᓕᕆᔨᐅᔪ ᕿᒪᐃᓗᑎᒃ ᐹᑎᕆᐊᖃᑦᑕᖅᖢᑎᒃ. ᐅᖃᖅᖢᓂ ᕿᓚᓗᒐᕐᓂ ᑐᖁᕋᐃᕙᖕᓂᖏᓐᓂ ᑐᕐᖢᖏᑦᑎᒍᑦ ᑲᐱᑦᑕᖅᖢᒋᑦ.
ᔨᒥ ᔪᐊᓇᔅ, ᐊᖓᔪᖅᑳᖅ ᑯᔪᐊᖅᒥ ᐊᖑᓇᓱᒃᑐᓕᕆᔨᓄᑦ, ᐅᖃᓚᐅᕐᑐᖅ ᑕᑯᒃᓴᐅᓂᖏᓐᓂᒃ ᓴᕕᕋᔭᐃᑦ ᐊᖕᒪᓗᕐᑐᑦ ᐅᖓᕙᐅᑉ ᒥᒃᓵᓂ, ᐋᖅᑭᒃᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᕼᐊᑦᓴᓐ ᐸᐃ ᑲᒻᐸᓂᑯᓐᓄᑦ ᐅᓄᒻᒪᕆᒃᑐᓂᒃ ᕿᓚᓗᒐᕐᓂᒃ ᐅᓂᐊᕐᓯᒍᑎᕕᓂᕐᓂᒃ.
ᕿᓚᓗᒐᐃᑦ ᖃᐅᔨᒪᔪᐊᓘᖕᒪᑕ, ᐱᓕ ᑖᓐ ᒪᐃ ᐅᖃᖅᑐᖅ, ᑕᐃᒪᐃᓐᓂᖓᓄᑦ ᐅᑎᕐᓯᒪᙱᑦᑐᑦ ᑕᒪᐅᖓ.
ᑐᒃᓯᕋᐅᑎᖓᒍᑦ ᑕᕆᐅᕐᒥᐅᑕᓕᕆᔨᒃᑯᑦ ᐆᒪᔪᓕᕆᔨᒃᑯᑦ ᑲᑎᒪᔨᓄᑦ, ᔪᐊᓇᖦ ᑐᒃᓯᕋᓚᐅᕐᑐᖅ ᒪᑐᐃᖅᑕᐅᖁᔨᓪᓗᓂ ᒧᑲᓕᒃ ᐊᖑᓇᓱᒃᑎᓄᑦ ᓄᓇᖓᓃᑦᑐᓂᒃ ᐅᑯᓄᖓᓗᑦ ᑲᖏᖅᓱᐊᓗᔾᔪᐊᕐᒥᐅᓄᑦ ᐊᒻᒪ ᑕᓯᐅᔭᕐᒥᐅᓄᑦ.
ᓄᓇᕕᒃᒥᑦ ᑕᕆᐅᕐᒥᐅᑕᓕᕆᔨᒃᑯᑦ ᐆᒪᔪᓕᕆᔨᒃᑯᑦ ᑲᑎᒪᔨᖏᑦ ᑐᓴᕋᓱᖕᓂᐊᖅᑐᑦ ᐃᓱᒪᓕᐅᕆᔾᔪᑎᒃᓴᓂᒃ ᕿᓚᓗᒐᕐᓂᒃ ᐊᐅᓚᑦᑎᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᐊᖏᖅᑕᐅᔪᒃᓴᓂᒃ ᐱᕐᓇᑎ ᔪᐊᑕᓐᒧᑦ, ᒥᓂᔅᑕ ᑕᕆᐅᕐᒥᐅᑕᓕᕆᔨᒃᑯᓐᓄᑦ ᑲᓇᑕᒥ. ᐅᓪᓗᓂ 60-ᓂ ᑭᐅᔭᕆᐊᖃᕐᓯᒪᔪᖅ.
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